| ocean | body of salt water |
| volcano | an opening in the Earth |
| valley | low land between hills |
| reef | ridge that lies near the surface of a sea |
| rapids | fast moving part of a river |
| swamp | low, wet lands |
| floodplain | land that is flooded by a river |
| cape | land that extends into water |
| sea | body of salt water |
| lake | body of fresh water with land on all sides |
| range | chain of mountains |
| canyon | deep, narrow valley |
| mesa | flat-topped mountain |
| waterfall | steep drop from a high place |
| cave | hollow passage in the Earth |